How Many Authors To Use Et Al
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In all cases you should use the last name of the first author followed by et al in your in text citation.
How many authors to use et al. Only include the first author s last name followed by et al a comma and the year of publication for example taylor et al 2018. For a work with up to 20 authors include all of the names in the reference. Here s how it works. When the work has 21 or more authors include only the first 19 names an ellipsis and the final name see this guideline in the fifth and sixth bullets in section 9 8 of the publication manual and example 4 in chapter 10. Apa format requires that you cite all of the authors at the first mention if there are three four or five and use et al afterward.
For sources with three to five authors list all the authors the first time and use et al only in subsequent citations. After the first author. If there are at least six authors then you may use et al from the first mention. With that said et al replaces author names in endnotes footnotes and in text citations. For works with 3 or more authors.
However it is not used in reference lists. Cairns et al 2009 or cairns et al. As such the first citation should spell out all their names and any subsequent citation can include et al. If the work has four or more authors editors the abbreviation et al should be used after the first author s name. Use an ampersand before the last author s name.
Social acceptance of carbon capture and storage is necessary for the introduction of technologies van alphen et al 2007. Cite only the first author followed by et al. Mla uses et al for works with three or more authors while chicago calls for using it with four or more authors. With in text citation is there. To continue the previous example you would write the names of the two authors as potter harry and luna lovegood 3 use the abbreviation et al.
When should i use et al in apa in text citations. It is also acceptable to use et al after the first author if the work has three authors. The abbreviation et al. Is a latin abbreviation for and others for a reference list entries list the first 20 author names. Three or more authors.
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