How To Use Et Al In Citation

With in text citation is there.

How to use et al in citation. After the first author. On the subsequent citations for three four or five authors. In citing such papers using the name and date system also known as the harvard system a long string of names proves awkward which is why most journals recommend the use of et al which is latin for et alii or et aliae and means and others. Include the name of only the first author s last name plus et al in every citation. Encyclopedia of halloween costumes.

Any time you have more than two authors the potential for using et al. 2016 for reference list. Should not be confused with etc. Use the lead author s surname and et al. For example props f.

For in text citations the first author s surname is followed by et al example. In both the in text citation and in the works cited page. For sources with four or more authors use the first name followed by et al. For all in text citations. For parenthetical citation of a work with 6 or more authors.

Specifically articles with one or two authors include all names in every in text citation. And articles with six or more authors are abbreviated to the first author name plus et al. Articles with three four or five authors include all names in the first in text citation but are abbreviated to the first author name plus et al. Russell tony et al. Note that this rule has changed from apa 6 guidelines on using et al which recommend listing all author names in the first citation up to five authors but then using et al for the second and subsequent citations.

2016 for in text citation. The phrase et al is used with in text citations only when referencing a source that has three or more authors. You should always use the name of the writer listed first in the source material. When using et al. Include the surname of the first author followed by et al if the source you re citing has 4 or more authors type the surname of the first author listed on the title page followed by a space and the abbreviation et al then type a space and add the year the source was published.